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The so-called green packaging refers to the package of goods that is conducive to the protection of human health and the ecological environment. The basic characteristics of green packaging are: under the condition of having a packaging function, the materials should be the least and the packaging waste should be the least; the packaging products are harmless to human health, the waste does not pollute the environment; the packaging materials can be reused or can be recycled The cycle can be degraded and purified under natural conditions. Green packaging requires full consideration of the impact of the entire life cycle of the packaging on resources, energy, and the ecological environment, and strives to degrade the environmental load of packaging materials and achieve a balance and unification of packaging functionality and environmental adaptability.
First, the concept of clean production, development, production of new green packaging materials to develop green packaging, the key is to develop and produce new green packaging materials, without or with harmful excipients, additives, starting from the source, so that packaging waste Environmental pollution is minimized.
(a) Design requirements for green packaging materials 1. Environmental safety. It is necessary to consider whether the substances soluble in water, oil, and other solvents are harmful; whether the used auxiliary materials contain toxic metals such as lead, mercury, cadmium, etc.; and whether the materials are recycled for the discharge of harmful substances, non-chlorine materials should be used as far as possible.
2. Save resources and energy. Avoid excessive packaging; consider recyclable packaging; extend the life of the material; increase the weight ratio of the contents to the packaging; use low-density packaging materials; try to select materials with low overall energy consumption of the material life cycle.
3, the functionality of packaging materials. To have an effective function of protecting the goods, the deterioration of the functionality and the deterioration or loss of the content is undoubtedly the greatest waste of packaging and content resources and energy. It is necessary to ensure the strength of packaging materials and the sealability of packaging, prevent the loss of packaging contents during transportation, storage, and use, and cause environmental pollution.
4. Recycling of packaging waste. As far as possible, use materials that are currently mature in recycling technology; use degradable, compostable plastics; use packages that can be reused after simple handling; try to select a single material.
(b) Development of green packaging materials 1. Development of natural green packaging materials. Natural green packaging refers to packaging materials that use renewable natural resources to carry out pollution-free, less energy-consuming processing, and wastes can be efficiently recovered or rapidly decomposed without causing pollution to the environment. These raw materials have the characteristics of low environmental load, abundant resources, and cheap access. Making full use of bamboo, sawdust, hemp, cotton fabrics, wicker, reeds, crop straw, rice straw, wheat straw, and other raw materials, expanding the variety of packaging, and increasing the technical content are important directions for the ecological packaging.
2. Research on ecological packaging materials and ecological transformation of traditional packaging. Ecological packaging materials are synthetic materials. We must examine the performance of design materials from the perspective of protecting the environment and protecting resources so that they meet the requirements of green packaging. The development of degradable plastics is currently a hot spot in the scientific and technological community in various countries. Its main target is biodegradation and optically degradable plastics. According to the different manufacturing methods, biodegradable plastics can be divided into three types: (to be continued)
Circular Economy - Green Packaging (2)
The packaging industry is an important part of the national economy. As one of the symbolic industries for the development of commodity economy, the packaging industry has its positive role in promoting economic and social development, but it is also an industry that consumes resources and pollutes the environment. At present, the annual output of packaging in our country is about 30 million tons. The recovery of packaging products in China is better than that of cartons, beer bottles, and plastic turnover boxes. The recovery rate of other products is quite low, and the recycling rate of the entire packaging products is still not enough. 20% of production. According to this calculation, there are more than 25 million tons of packaging waste produced each year in China. As there is less and less land available for landfilling, so much of the packaging waste cannot be dispelled. As a result, many urban waste sieges are very serious. However, those packaging wastes that cannot be degraded in the environment cannot be disposed of in a timely manner, and people’s environmental awareness is not strong, resulting in serious waste loss. The environmental pollution caused by packaging waste has seriously affected the sustainable development of the social economy. Therefore, how to effectively control the pollution of packaging waste, integrate China's packaging industry into the circular economy, and promote green packaging in an all-round way have become a public concern.