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Polyurethane coating technology emerged as a coating solution technology and was quickly accepted by most end markets. Industry data shows that in the United States, the polyurethane used in the paint industry in 2000 was approximately 542 million pounds (1 pound = 0.4536 kg).
What makes polyurethane technology so popular? Each paint manufacturer and raw material supplier has different answers, but the final result is: versatility. It is generally accepted by the industry that polyurethane can be used in almost all coating formulations.
Multi-functional Because of its fast cure at low temperature, excellent physical properties, and easy coating, the application of polyurethane in coating processes far exceeds that of other polymers. Polyurethanes are VOC-free, do not require the use of a complex coating system, have excellent elasticity, and have a short coating and cure time, making them relatively inexpensive and convenient to use. Through the formulation, the manufacturer can make polyurethane coating products have many characteristics, such as primers suitable for curing in winter, 100% high solids secondary lining, high content industrial coatings, lacquer, high gloss paint and high solids/ Low VOC coatings, etc., provide formula makers with more choices. Polyurethane coating products can be made either as solvent products or as aqueous products.
High-performance polyurethane coatings are generally regarded as high-performance coatings, with good color shade, high gloss retention, and resistance to corrosion and chemicals. These properties exceed those of other types of products. Whether it is solvent-based polyurethane or water-based polyurethane are considered as high-quality paint products. Corrosion resistance and durability are the major selling points of polyurethane coatings, which are mainly manifested in superior weatherproofing, UV protection, acid corrosion resistance, and chemical resistance. For the end market, protection is always a very important factor. It is polyurethane's superior durability that makes it ideal for the end market.
According to the data from the American Petroleum Institute, in 2000, the US construction industry used 165 million pounds of polyurethane paint, ranking the first in the United States. Most of them were used for the coating of wood floors and concrete floors. Followed by the transport industry, in 2000 the industry polyurethane paint consumption of 162 million pounds, refinish paint is the most important application areas. Due to the prevalence of residential wood flooring, the annual growth rate of polyurethane paint consumption in the construction industry has reached 4.3%.
According to the data released by the American Petroleum Organization in new foreign markets, the consumption of polyurethane coatings in the oil tank and pipeline market was 4.8 million tons in 2000. Spraying polyurea coatings is the fastest growing field in polyurethane technology. Completely cured within hours of use. The 100% cured elastomer polyurethane market for secondary sealing has also begun to become a newly emerging small market, and polyurethanes are also used in radiation and UV-curable coating systems.
Soft Coatings A hot topic that industry insiders often talk about is the demand for flexible coatings for polyurethanes. At present, the use of polyurethane in soft coatings has begun to increase, especially in the automotive industry. The emergence of polyurethanes has reduced the use of additives in production, it has made soft coatings more cost competitive and opened up new avenues beyond traditional automotive coatings.
Household Coatings Another market that does not fully utilize polyurethane technology is the home paint market. The durability and cleanliness of polyurethane coatings are not available in other coatings, but the price has become a major barrier to its entry into the household coatings market. The coil coating market is considered to be one of the areas where polyurethane may expand. Its adaptability to low temperatures, as well as anti-sagging, anti-corrosion and anti-chemical properties will benefit coil coatings.
At present, it is difficult for some traditional markets to see the presence of polyurethane. In the U.S. wood product coatings market, nitrocellulose and conversion varnishes are still dominant, and isocyanate and cost may be the two main reasons for the delay in the introduction of polyurethane technology in the field of wood product coatings. The industry has been working hard to promote polyurethanes and is expected to replace the epoxy, acrylic and other polymers that dominate the market. Extending to markets outside traditional markets is a very important strategy for polyurethanes. For the sake of price, some industrial users are still using epoxy or alkyd resin finishes. In fact, the price gap between the use of double alkyd paint and the use of epoxy primer/polyurethane finish is only 2 cents/ft 2 . The resistance that polyurethane needs to overcome is its original cost, but the outstanding performance and durability of polyurethane will make it extremely cost-effective.
China has a wide variety of polyurethane coatings and has a wide range of uses. Classified by purpose, the main varieties are wood furniture coatings, floor paints, automotive refinishes, polyurethane anti-corrosion coatings, and polyurethane special coatings. According to the statistics of 2001, wood furniture and floor (floor) coatings accounted for more than 80% of polyurethane coatings. According to the classification of isocyanates used, can be divided into aromatic polyurethane coatings and aliphatic polyurethane coatings. China is basically an aromatic polyurethane coating except for automotive exterior coatings such as automotive refinish. According to the different classification of dispersion medium, it can be divided into solvent-based coating, solvent-free coating, water dispersion coating, powder coating and so on. In China's polyurethane coatings, solvent-type accounts for more than 90%, and the latter two types of coatings are still in the research and development stage.
China is usually classified according to the major composition of polyurethane coatings. A large amount of a wide range of polyisocyanate / carboxyl-containing hydroxy double combination coating, accounting for more than 70% of the polyurethane coating market, the curing agent is mainly TDI adducts, trimers, prepolymers and HDI biuret; hydroxyl The components are castor oil alkyd resin, hydroxyl-containing acrylic resin, such as "Italian furniture paint" in the market, most of which are polyurethane amine ester two-component systems. There are dozens of manufacturers in Guangdong producing such furniture coatings. The one-component polyurethanes mainly include amine ester oils and TDI-modified alkyd resin coatings. The curing mechanism is the same as that of alkyd paints. It is air-oxidative cross-linked and its yield is shrinking. In the automotive refinish market, aliphatic polyurethane/hydroxy-containing acrylic two-component coatings are popular, and most of their curing agents use Bayer N-75HDIS biuret. Due to their fast drying properties, they quickly adhere to dust and have good outdoor durability. As a architectural finish. In recent years, the rise of the crystal floor paint, mainly isocyanate / hydroxyl-containing polyether resin or epoxy resin two-component coating, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and good reputation in terms of adhesion. Polyurethane elastic coatings reacted with long-chain prepolymers and MOCA (arylamine) are used as oil tank coatings, especially for underground concrete tank coatings, and have achieved good social and economic benefits.
Polyurethane coating technology
Today's coatings industry is getting bigger and more profound, and the types of coatings available to end users are already dizzying. Performance, appearance, protection, cost-effectiveness, and environmental protection issues are only for the painters. In one aspect of user and market strategy, technology is what makes them really exciting.