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From the point of view of resources, raw materials for plastics have experienced the evolution or substitution of natural animal and vegetable raw materials, raw materials derived from coal chemical industry, and even petrochemical derived raw materials. Coal and oil are the resources that Earth has accumulated in the ground for about 5 billion years; its reserves are limited. With the rapid consumption of human beings, the resources of oil and natural gas will face exhaustion. According to data, the oil recovery period is about 43 years and natural gas is about 65 years. According to the UN "World Energy Assessment Report," the current global energy system is not reliable enough and the price is not low enough to support wide-ranging economic growth. It has been predicted in the past that the 21st century will be the era of biomass-based chemical industrialization. Therefore, the conservation and rational use of limited resources and the development of renewable, fast-growing resources are of great significance to the sustainable development of the plastics industry.
From the energy point of view, the production and processing of plastic raw materials, the energy consumption is generally lower than other traditional materials, such as steel, paper, glass and other materials, which is one of the major factors for the rapid development of plastic as a new material. However, as far as different types of plastics and processing technologies are concerned, their energy consumption is also high and low, which indicates that from the perspective of sustainable development strategies, there will also be mutual substitution between plastic raw materials and processing technologies.
From the point of view of global environmental protection, plastic waste, especially disposable plastic waste, is more difficult to be recycled and is not easily degraded. Common filling and incineration will also bring a series of environmental pollution problems, which will bring environmental pollution to the environment. The negative effects are getting worse. Therefore, since the 1980s, many countries in Europe and the United States have gradually enacted and promulgated certain laws and regulations that prohibit or restrict the use of high taxation, even though some of them have encountered various problems in the implementation process and some have been modified. The revocation of some of them has nothing to do, but it is undoubtedly a serious challenge to the development of the plastics industry. Faced with challenges from environmental issues, the reduction in plastic materials, the recycling of plastic waste, and the research and development of degradable plastics have attracted attention. Reducing is a good way to prevent problems and start from the source. Recycling can not only reuse resources, but also be the best way to deal with environmental pollution. The biodegradable plastics (BDP) from the material point of view is the development of renewable resources can be used to reduce the environmental load, easily consumed by the environment into harmless small debris after use, and eventually become a natural cycle of C02 and H20 regression, or with organic waste The composting process is used to make recycled organic fertilizers. It meets the principle of managing the environment from the source and clean production, and has become a hot issue in the world.
Plastic materials and sustainable development Plastic materials are solid and durable, with good overall performance. At present, it has become the four pillar materials with wood, cement, and steel. Compared with other materials, it can save resources, reduce energy consumption, produce light pollution or no pollution, and a considerable part of the product is easy to recycle after use, which makes it develop very quickly. The global output is nearly 200 million tons. It is widely used. It has been involved in various fields such as industry, agriculture, transportation, national defense, and people's life. It has played an increasingly important role in promoting the technological progress of various sectors of the national economy, meeting the needs of people, and improving the quality of life. The more important role.
Decades of production and application practices have proved that plastic materials play a significant role in saving resources, saving energy, saving water resources, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the economic and social environment, and promoting the implementation of sustainable development strategies to build resource conservation, The circular economy and the environment-harmonious society have played an active role. Its sustained and rapid development is a symbol of market demand and the progress of the times.
1. Plastics are effective in saving resources. Plastics are lightweight. Products undergo scientific, rational material selection, material modification techniques, and advances in stretching and foaming processes, thin design, and precision molding equipment and molds in the development process. Manufacturing and other measures can greatly save raw materials.
According to reports, in the last 10 years in Europe, through the scientific selection of raw materials and optimization of product design, the weight of a unit of margarine packaging containers has been reduced by 27%, and the weight of dairy product containers has been reduced by 13%. Through these measures, the total weight of European plastic packaging products has averaged Can reduce 28%, equivalent to saving 2250kt plastic.
According to Japanese data, Japan's production of 500mlPP washing liquid bottle, wall thickness from the original 0.4mm ~ 0.5mm thinned to 0.2mm, weight reduced from 40g to 13g, a reduction of 67%; PE shopping bag thickness reduced from 23μm By 18 μm, the weight loss was approximately 22%. The fruit and vegetable packaging bag was changed from a double-layer structure (PET/CPP) to a single-layer structure (OPP). The weight per square meter was reduced from 34 g to 27 g, and the weight loss was approximately 20%.
Plastic bags replace rigid container packaging to reduce weight, save raw materials, reduce waste production, and save transportation energy.
- 2kg liquid laundry plastic bottle weighing about 200g, 2kg laundry liquid plastic bag weighing about 30g, weight loss 85%;
- 200ml milk plastic bottle weighing about 30g, 200ml milk plastic bag weighing about 10g, weight loss 2/3.
2. The energy saving of plastics is quite promising. According to data provided by W. EUROPE lEA in 1998:
The petroleum consumed by nearly 200 million tons of output in the plastics industry accounted for only 7% of total oil consumption, of which 4% for synthetic resins and 3% for plastics processing.
Plastics can save energy during the entire life cycle, and at the end of life, they can save more energy through the recycling of materials or energy;
EPS, PUR, XPS and other plastic insulation materials are used for building external wall insulation materials. The energy saved in 4 months is equivalent to the energy consumed by the EU in 2004. The energy saved by long-term use is equivalent to that consumed during production. 150 times the energy;
Steel doors and windows than ordinary steel doors and windows, winter heating energy consumption can save 17%, room temperature can be increased 1 °C ~ 2 °C;
The use of plastic parts in cars can reduce the quality of the car itself by about 10%, fuel consumption can be reduced by 6% to 8%;
3. Plastics are used for water saving in agricultural irrigation Significantly, the plastic irrigation and drainage system is applied in agricultural production, and the water-saving effect is obvious. According to practical application, the plastic water-saving equipment can effectively increase the agricultural irrigation water use rate by about 40%.
The traditional furrow irrigation in Shihezi, Xinjiang, has an average fixed water consumption of 491m3/mu. After changing to a drip irrigation system under the membrane, the water consumption is 240m3/mu, saving about 48%, and the irrigation cycle can be shortened by 5 days to 10 days.
4. European Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Example 4
According to the report of the European Plastics Association, the results of a research conducted by GUA GMBH in Vienna in 2005 on the energy demand of the entire Western European plastics market and the GHG emissions over the entire life cycle show:
Western Europe uses 390,000 GJ per year for life, use, and recycling of plastic products. If it is replaced with other traditional materials, it consumes an additional 102 million GJ of energy per year (26% more than plastic products). Equivalent to:
- 22,400 kt crude oil or 190 supertankers (tankers in a row with a length of 87 km);
- Primary fuel required for 10 one-megawatt nuclear power plants;
- The amount of hot and warm water consumed by 40 million people (equivalent to 50% of the German population). (one)
ABLE also have advanced molding technology for ceramic log called cast log, it is lighter, stronger, fuller details, and glowing area is larger in the fire.ABLE can supply many kind of log accessories for fireplace, such as pebbles, coals, charcoals, pine cones, maple leaves, aglow ember, top-grade rock wool, stained vermiculite, small coal chips, barks, balls and hollow ball, ceramic pitted pebble and rough Lava rock that won't burst in outdoor fire pit, Pumpkin lamp, Skull and bone for Halloween Decor fire, fireplace log grate etc.
ABLE factory is located in Yixing City, Jiangsu. It is a well-known production base for fire resistant insulation materials and environmental protection products. Yixing is also a city has developed commerce and convenient transportation. Our company sincerely hopes to cooperate with professional customers, and welcome to visit our factory!
Facing plastic materials and environmental issues
As we all know, resources, energy, and environmental protection are three major issues that are closely related to the survival of humankind and the sustainable development of social economy. As we enter the 21st century, the above-mentioned issues and the harmonious development of the economy are even more important. The production and application of plastics are also closely linked to the above three issues.