Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) is an effective method for studying submicron fine structures. It is widely used in biomedical and material testing, and is a must-have for scientists engaged in biomedical and materials science research. tool. However, in confocal microscopy, the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio are contradictory, and high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio cannot be achieved at the same time. Image scanning microscopic imaging technology based on confocal microscopy in recent years has solved this problem and can achieve high signal-to-noise ratio and high-resolution imaging at the same time. Since the resolution of microscopic imaging is related to the polarization state of the incident light, the polarization modulation of the incident light can further improve the resolution of the image scanning microscopy. Recently, Xiao Wei and other researchers from Zhang Yunhai's research group of Suzhou Medical Institute have polarized the incident light to obtain a focused spot with a small radial polarization longitudinal component, which has successfully improved the existing image scanning microscopic imaging technology. Resolution, resulting in a high signal to noise ratio and higher resolution images. The technique utilizes the longitudinal component of the radially polarized light to have a compact spot, obtains a smaller illumination spot, and performs image scanning microscopy, which provides a 7% improvement in resolution compared to conventional image scanning imaging. The results show that the resolution of image scanning imaging with radial polarized light is better than that of circularly polarized light, and its resolution is 1.54 times that of confocal imaging under 1AU pinhole, while the image of the longitudinally polarized light is scanned. Confocal imaging under pinhole is 1.54 times better than image scanning imaging of circularly polarized light. In high-resolution microscopy imaging, when the background noise is constant, the stronger the signal strength, the better the signal-to-noise ratio. Especially when detecting weak fluorescent signals, the signal intensity increases and the signal-to-noise ratio improves. The results of this paper contribute to the application of radially polarized light in image scanning microscopy. The above results have been published in Optics Communications. The work was supported by the National Major Scientific Research Equipment Development Project (Key Components and Systems for Super-Resolved Micro-Optics), the Six Talents Summit Project of Jiangsu Province, the Natural Science Youth Fund of Jiangsu Province, and the Suzhou Applied Basic Research Program. Figure 1. 25 dot array pattern imaging, (a) is an array pattern of 25 square dots, each side having a side length of 0.06λ and an adjacent point spacing of 0.46λ, (b), (c), d) The images generated by the conventional confocal microscopy system, circularly polarized light and radial polarized light longitudinal component image scanning images of the array pattern through 1AU pinhole, respectively, (e) are (b), (c), (d) Light intensity distribution at the center line Figure 2 (a) conventional confocal imaging (black curve) under 1AU pinhole, traditional confocal imaging under 0.2AU pinhole (green curve), circularly polarized light (blue curve) under 1AU pinhole, and longitudinally polarized light The component (red curve) is subjected to the PSF lateral intensity curve of the image scanning image, (b) is the OTF corresponding to the PSF in (a), and the black curve, the green curve and the red curve in the (c) are respectively 1AU pinholes. Focused imaging, traditional confocal imaging under 0.2AU pinhole, PSF lateral intensity curve of radial polarization longitudinal component image scanning imaging under 1AU pinhole
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