A £ 1.3 billion square kilometer radio array will uncover the mystery of the universe

This artistic concept image shows a butterfly antenna of a square kilometer radio array. It will scan space for signs of electromagnetic radiation.

The antenna of a square kilometer radio array will be able to detect radar signals from an airport on a planet 50 light years away

These astronomical devices can not only observe a sky at a time

The artistic concept of the low-frequency aperture array of a square kilometer radio array

This sketch shows the order of these antennas and aperture arrays when observing the sky

A square kilometer radio array will stare into deep space, telling us about black holes, how stars are born, and whether there are aliens in the universe

Prototype of KAT-7 in Karoo Desert, South Africa

Beijing time, September 24th, due to the cost of 1.3 billion pounds (2.055 billion US dollars) square kilometer radio array (SKA), some unsolved mysteries about the universe will eventually find the answer. It will collect a lot of information about the universe. In order to process this data, we need a supercomputer with a function equivalent to 1 billion personal computers.

The square kilometer radio array will consist of thousands of butterfly antennas with a diameter of 1900 miles (3057.75 kilometers) and a surface area of ​​1 square kilometer. It will provide humans with a large amount of data about the universe. An astronomer once said that it will completely change Our view of the universe. Dr. Ian Griffin of the British Association ’s Science and Discovery Center said: "The square kilometer radio array project will provide astronomers with a new tool that will revolutionize our understanding of the universe. Due to the large area, this telescope will show galaxies. Incredible details, by studying exciting and mysterious celestial bodies, such as black holes, can help detect Einstein's theory of relativity, and let astronomers know more about the history of the early universe. "

The scientific institution also believes that if life does exist outside our solar system, a square kilometer radio array will provide the best opportunity to discover them. To achieve this goal, breakthrough technology is also required. A butterfly antenna with a diameter of 15 meters per square kilometer of the radio array will be the most sensitive astronomical device ever constructed. It can detect electromagnetic radiation emitted by celestial bodies in space, and can detect a planet 50 light years away from the earth. Airport radar signal. These butterfly antennas will be assisted by low-frequency and intermediate-frequency aperture arrays, the latter will provide us with a large field of view, each time you use it not only to observe a sky. The data obtained by this telescope will be staggering, with a data transfer rate of a few petabits per second (petabits), or about 100 times the current global network traffic, and can fill 15 million 64GB iPods every day.

The optical fiber it uses can orbit the earth for two weeks. In order to analyze these data, it is necessary to build a supercomputer that runs one trillion trillion times per second, which runs 1,000 times faster than the most powerful computer currently. Building a square kilometer radio array requires a large number of think tanks, and 67 organizations in 20 countries are currently involved in its design and manufacturing. However, its installation location has not yet been determined, but South Africa, Australia and New Zealand are among the candidates. They are ideal for installing telescopes, where there is no electronic interference, such as electromagnetic signals generated by mobile phones. The construction of the square kilometer radio array is expected to start in 2016, and those antennas will be online in 8 years. A prototype of the square kilometer radio array is called KAT-7. It consists of seven antennas with a diameter of 16 meters. It is currently being tested in the Karoo Desert in South Africa.

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