According to the national environmental protection standards, the radioactive level of ceiling materials is divided into three categories: (mainly applicable to non-metallic, non-organic suspended materials, such as gypsum board.) "Puzzle 3D Eraser Bulk,Puzzle 3D Eraser,Building Blocks Eraser,Toppers Cute Erasers " Yiwu Shengshang Stationery Co., Ltd. , https://www.ss-stationery.com
1. The specific radioactivity of the natural radioactive nuclides radium-226, bismuth-232 and potassium-40 in the decorative materials of class A decorative materials meets the requirements of 1Ra≤1.0, 1r≤1.3 for the class A decorative materials. The production, sales and use of Class A decorative materials are not limited.
2. Class B decoration materials that do not meet the requirements of Class A decorative materials but satisfy the requirements of 1Ra ≤ 1.3, 1r ≤ 1.9 are Class B decoration materials. Class B decoration materials are not to be used in the interior finishes of Class 1 hair buildings, but can be used for exterior finishes of civil buildings and for interior and exterior finishes of all other buildings.
3. Class C decoration materials that do not meet the requirements of Class A and Class B decorative materials but meet the requirements of 1r ≤ 2.8 are Class C decoration materials. Class C finishing materials can only be used for exterior finishes of buildings and for outdoor use.
Note: Class I civil buildings: such as residential, elderly apartments, nurseries, hospitals and schools.
Class II civil buildings: such as shopping malls, stadiums, bookstores, hotels, office buildings, libraries, cultural and entertainment venues, exhibition halls and public transportation waiting rooms.
Classification, purchase, installation and maintenance of ceilings
Suspended ceiling materials mainly include mineral wool board, gypsum board, wood board, PVC plastic gusset plate, glass, metal and so on.
1, PVC plastic gusset
1 characteristics
It is made of PVC as raw material and processed into a tongue-and-groove profile. It has the characteristics of light weight, easy installation, waterproof and moisture proof, and anti-mite. It has a lot of changes in the color pattern on the surface, and it is resistant to pollution, clean, soundproof and separated. Good thermal performance, especially in the new process, the flame retardant material is added to make it safer to use. It has low cost and good decorative effect, so it occupies an important position in the home decoration ceiling material, and becomes the leading material for the ceiling of the bathroom, kitchen, bathroom, balcony and so on.
2 quality identification
When purchasing PVC ceiling profiles, be sure to ask the dealer for the quality inspection report and product inspection certificate. Visual inspection of the quality of the board surface should be smooth and smooth, no cracks, no bumps, can be assembled and disassembled freely, the surface is turbulent and no scratches; the surface of the board is smooth with the hand. In the inspection test report, the product performance indicators should meet: heat shrinkage rate less than 0.3%, oxygen index greater than 35%, softening temperature above Celsius, ignition point above 3000 degrees Celsius, water absorption rate less than 15%, moisture absorption rate less than 4%.
3 Installation First, the elevation line should be popped on the wall, and the pressure lines should be fixed at both ends of the wall. The cement nails and the wall surface are fixed firmly. The plate is cut according to the actual size of the ceiling. The plate is inserted into the bead. The slat of the slat is outward. After the mounting end is fixed, the nail is fixed, and then the second plate is inserted. The last plate should be cut according to the actual size. Use a sharp cutting knife, use a steel ruler to press the elastic wire to cut, and insert it with a slight bend to insert it into the upper plate. After the installation, seal the edges on both sides.
4 Maintenance and replacement of PVC ceiling profiles is very resistant to water and scrubbing. After daily use, it can be cleaned with cleansing agent and cleaned with water; the gap between the plates is easily affected by oil stains. After cleaning, brush with a cleaning agent and rinse with clean water; pay attention to the lighting circuit. If the PVC ceiling profile is damaged, the update is very convenient. Just remove the bead at one end, pull the plate out of the bead block by block, replace the damaged plate with a new plate and reinstall it, and press the bead. When replacing, please pay attention to the color of the new board and the old board, do not have color difference.
2, metal products ceiling
The metal product ceiling refers to a suspended metal decorative board that combines multiple functions and decoration. Compared with the traditional ceiling material, in addition to maintaining its characteristics, the texture and decorative feeling are superior, and can be divided into sound absorbing panels and decorative panels (without opening). The sound absorbing plate is based on the principle of acoustics, using various metal plates with different perforation rates to eliminate noise, and also has different hole types such as round holes, square holes, oblong holes, rectangular holes, triangular holes, and large and small holes according to requirements. The bottom plate is mostly white or aluminum. Another kind of metal decorative board, paying special attention to decoration, simple and smooth lines, beautiful appearance, elegant color, bronze, gold, red and blue, milk white and other colors; the specifications just coincide with the width of ordinary houses, and marble, The aluminum alloy doors and windows and other materials are seamlessly integrated, elegant and gorgeous, adding to the quiet living room environment.
Metal decorative plates are made of aluminum, copper, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc. The decorative plates of copper and stainless steel are of higher grade and higher price. The general room decoration is suitable for aluminum alloy decorative panels. Shopping psychology, that is, inexpensive. The specifications are rectangular, square, etc. The maximum size of the rectangular plate is 6000mm*100mm*0.5mm, and the width of the general room is about 5m. For the decoration of the larger room, the overallity of the long strip is strong; The decoration is generally available in 500mm*500mm. Due to the poor thermal insulation performance of the metal plate, in order to obtain a certain sound absorption and heat insulation function, when the metal plate is selected for the ceiling decoration, the heat insulation and sound absorption products such as glass wool and rock wool can be used to achieve the function of heat insulation and sound absorption. In particular, residents living on the top floor can improve the indoor environment after decoration, and obviously save energy consumption costs of air conditioning.
3. Gypsum board ceiling
Gypsum board is a kind of new type of ceiling decoration material which is widely used at present. It has good decorative effect and good sound absorption performance. It is more commonly used in pouring gypsum decorative board and paper surface decorative sound absorbing board.
The cast gypsum decorative board has the characteristics of light weight, moisture proof, no deformation, fireproof and flame retardant. It has the advantages of convenient construction, good processing performance, sawing, nailing, planing and bonding. The main varieties are: various flat plates, pattern relief plates, semi-perforated plates, full perforated plates, waterproof boards, etc. The embossed plate is suitable for the living room, bedroom and study ceiling of the living room; the waterproof board is mostly used in places with high humidity such as kitchen and bathroom.
The paper-decorated sound-absorbing panels are characterized by fireproofing, sound insulation, heat insulation, good vibration resistance and convenient construction.
Causes and prevention of uneven ceiling
1. Phenomenon: Irregular waveiness occurs in the ceiling
2. Reason analysis:
1 arbitrarily arched, forming an uneven degree of arch.
2 The ceiling grille or the four corners are not flat.
3 wood moisture content is large, resulting in shrinkage deformation.
4 The keel joint is uneven and has a hard bend, which causes the ceiling to be uneven.
5 The distance between the boom or the hanging rib is too large, and the keel deforms to produce irregular deflection.
6 The force node is not tightly coupled, and displacement deformation occurs after being stressed.
3. Preventive measures
1 Ceiling timber should be made of high quality soft wood, such as pine and fir, and its moisture content should be controlled within 12%.
2 The keel should be straight and should not be twisted and has a frugal cross section.
3 The ceiling method should be leveled on the wall around the design elevation according to the design elevation. The horizontal line is prevailing when the nail is installed. The height of the splicing horizontal line is 1/200 of the short span of the room, and the longitudinal arching should be evenly distributed.