Editor's note: The immune system is like a defense against the enemy's walls. It is a defense system that helps our body to resist the invasion of germs. Recently, American scientists have discovered the latest immune system, phage, by attaching to mucus. There is an immune system in the human body, which is the most important defense system for the human body against pathogenic bacteria. This system consists of immune organs (bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, small intestine collecting lymph nodes, appendix, thymus, etc.), immune cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, Mast cells, platelets (because there is IGG in platelets), and immune molecules (complements, immunoglobulins, interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines, etc.). According to the physicist organization network recently, a scientific research team led by Jeremy Barr, a postdoctoral fellow in biology at San Diego State University, found that mucus is a "homeland" for a powerful new immune system that protects humans And animals are protected from infection, so it is expected to change the treatment of many diseases. In the experiment, scientists concentrated on the protective layer of mucus that appears in humans and animals. This protective layer is not only the home of a large number of microorganisms useful for humans-bacteriophage, but also the entry point of infection. Scientists took mucus samples from animals such as anemones, mice, and humans, and found that all of these samples had phages attached to the mucus. Subsequently, they placed the bacteriophage on top of a layer of mucus-producing tissue. As a result, the bacteriophage combined with the sugar in the mucus to attach to the mucus surface. Next, scientists used E. coli to "challenge" these mucus cells. The results showed that the bacteriophage attacked and killed E. coli in the mucus, forming an effective anti-bacterial barrier to protect the host from infection and illness. To confirm their findings, the research team also challenged cells that could not produce mucus with bacteriophage and E. coli. The results showed that the death rate of cells in the samples without mucus was three times that of the mucus. Barr said: "In view of this, coupled with previous research, we believe that bacteriophage attachment mucus (BAM) is a new type of immune system that emphasizes that bacteriophages play an important role in protecting the body from the threat of invading pathogens. Function. "He proposed that the latest findings not only reveal a new immune system, but also show for the first time the symbiotic relationship between phages and animals, which will have an important impact on many fields. This study can be applied to any mucosal surface. Now scientists are beginning to expect that bacteriophage attachment to mucus can prevent and treat mucosal infections in the internal organs and lungs. It also hopes that it can be used in phage therapy and eventually be directly related to the human immune system. Biodegradable Commercial Garbage Trash Bags
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