There are so many many brushes:washes/glazes, rounds, flats, filberts and liners and more. Choosing the right type for the technique is important. Let`s look at the different types. Flat Brushes-Flats are brushes with a straight chisel edge and square shaped filaments. These can be known as shades if they`re in smaller sizes and washes/glazes if in bigger sizes. Large areas are painted with a wash/glaze brush whereas smaller flats are used for small areas of painting
Round brushes-Round brushes have a large diameter of the ferrule, more so than a liner, which can be used for applying thick to thin lines, filling in odd shaped areas, painting details and work great for lettering. Liners don`t hold as much paint as a round, however, they are super great for creating lines or curves. Script liners are similar to liners but the filaments are much longer and hold more paint. A round brush tapers to a pointed tip – several types of rounds are referred to rounds, liners or script liners. Angle brushes are filaments that have been cut on an angle – these are excellent to use in small or curved areas of the painting.Filberts Brushes with oval shaped filaments are known as filberts in smaller sizes and oval wash in larger sizes. Both shapes can be used for base coating, stroke work and more. There are filbert combs, filbert wash and more.Mop Brushes-Then there are mop brushes–great for blending and smoothing out small areas. They`re also ideal for applying powdered pigments–just dust them lightly over hot or tacky wax.Specialty Brushes-Then there are all the speciality brushes on the market used for certain techniques and garner their own results–fan, deer-foot, stumbler, mops,stencil and more.
On January 9, at the "2008 Beijing Book Order Conference," dozens of large publishers invariably increased the use of recycled paper in their published books, and the proportion was close to 30%. This means that, through the publishing industry, which is a large-scale papermaker with an annual output of over 2.61 million tons of paper, recycled paper has gained a huge market share.
Later, when the first push of recycled paper was made two years ago, there was a lack of investment, technology, and even production companies. Traditional paper industry clusters including Harbin, Ningbo, Shanghai and Xiangfan have launched recycled paper projects. Among them, Harbin, which is one of the papermaking specialty industries, also claims that the recycled paper eco-industrial park with cluster development has entered the investment construction stage. Allegedly, the investor's explanation for this move is: "At present, the paper industry is at a critical moment in industrial adjustment, especially in the rising prices of raw materials, energy and paper-related chemicals, further strengthening the circular economy, and its own in 82 With the three factors of unique whiteness between 85 degrees and 85 degrees, recycled paper will become the main beneficiary of industrial adjustment."
The above performance just validates the forecast in the "2008 China Paper Industry Development Trends" released by an investigation agency in Beijing. In the report released at the end of 2007, the survey agency pointed out that due to the fact that recycled paper not only takes into account the recycling economy, but also has unique and popular elements, it is widely used in many areas including publishing paper, newsprint, and business card paper. .
This application trend has also become a consensus of recycled paper companies. "Especially in the raw materials, energy and paper-related chemicals prices, and the recycling economy to further strengthen these two factors, the recycled paper is expected to 'regeneration'." Industry analysts on the report. In its view, whether it is capital-oriented or market-oriented, it is just a manifestation of this trend.
Recycled paper was "hot" in the publishing industry
The reason why the person made the above assertion is that since the year of 2007, the price of cultural paper has risen by about 300/ton to 500 yuan/ton, which is about 8%. Among them, the rise in raw materials is an important reason. It is understood that China is a country with large paper consumption. The annual papermaking volume is second only to the United States and Japan and ranks third in the world. It is estimated that by 2010, the total production of paper products and total consumption in China will reach 70 million tons to 80 million tons. However, our country is also a Shaolin country. Domestic timber harvesting is strictly limited. “This reality determines that the supply of domestic wood fiber will be declining year by year. The production and development of environmentally-friendly recycled paper with waste paper as the main raw material is particularly necessary,†the industry source said.
Removing price factors and strengthening the policy orientation of the circular economy have also made the development of recycled paper manufacturing a general trend. In November 2007, the Development and Reform Commission released the "Paper Industry Development Policy," where environmental protection and pollution control have become the focus of development. In addition, the preferential tariffs, but also to promote the import of waste paper, the production of recycled paper has become the development of paper-making companies. It is understood that imported paper and paper products must be subject to a 2%%-7.5%% tax rate, while the import duty on pulp and waste paper is zero, which to a certain extent stimulates the development of recycled paper.
There is another reason. “The uniqueness of recycled paper itself also accelerates its application speed.†It is reported that recycled paper produced from used paper products after recycling, sorting, and other processes has 60% to 100% of the waste paper pulp in its raw materials. %, the color is darker than plain paper, only 82 degrees to 85 degrees, while the white wood pulp can reach 95 degrees to 105 degrees. At present, the most popular 83-color recycled paper in the world.
Recycled paper applications expand
The biggest force still comes from the market. Data show that the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing and the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai must use recycled paper in large quantities. In particular, as the education and publishing industries begin to use recycled paper on a large scale, the market prospects are very promising. It is estimated that by 2010, the annual output of recycled paper in China will exceed 600,000 tons.
In the interview process, the reporter also noticed that the application of recycled paper in the fields of business card paper, newsprint, and publishing paper has been extremely extensive. Among them, it includes a series of application products such as recycled paper business cards, recycled paper cards, recycled paper newspapers, and recycled paper books.
Publishing printing is a large paper for recycled paper. At the printing company "Target="_blank"> Beijing Fengjing Design Printing Co., a staff member told reporters: "Many publishers will actively request the use of recycled paper, because the white paper of recycled paper is very unique and can be matched with the corresponding design style. . At the same time, the person also said that another major application of recycled paper is business card paper, "because of personalization, and unique printing effect."
As it says, it is precisely this feature of recycled paper that accelerates its application. A staff member of Beijing No. 7 Plant, a recycled paper manufacturer in Beijing, also told reporters that sales of recycled paper have also been rising in recent years. "There are company group purchases, and there are also printing companies ordering. Recycled paper is used for office, printing and many other aspects."
When a reporter asked about the difference between recycled paper and wood pulp paper, the staff member told the reporter that there was no difference in essence between recycled paper and wood pulp paper. It can be said that it is exactly the same as general cultural paper. Moreover, because the high whiteness of the paper is adjusted, bleaching components such as phosphors are not used, so that the whiteness of the recycled paper is suitable for protecting the eyesight of consumers. At the same time, the person also stated that the production process of recycled paper is more complex than the other papermaking methods. However, in terms of price, recycled paper can be said to have obvious advantages, "at least 20%% cheaper than wood pulp paper."
In several large office supplies markets in Beijing, the reporter learned more about the sales of recycled paper. In Beijing Xinyongwai Stationery Wholesale Market, the reporter saw that many shops sell recycled paper produced by the Beijing Paper Seven Factory. According to dealers, the proportion of recycled paper in the total amount of goods can reach about 20%%. 
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